This gene encodes a membrane glycoprotein of T lymphocytes that interacts with major histocompatibility complex class II antigenes and is also a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus. This gene is expressed not only in T lymphocytes, but also in B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. It is also expressed in specific regions of the brain. The protein functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation, and may function as an important mediator of indirect neuronal damage in infectious and immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified in this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010].
Function: Accessory protein for MHC class-II antigen/T-cell receptor interaction. May regulate T-cell activation. Induces the aggregation of lipid rafts.
Subunit: Associates with LCK. Binds to HIV-1 gp120 and to P4HB/PDI and upon HIV-1 binding to the cell membrane, is part of P4HB/PDI-CD4-CXCR4-gp120 complex. Interacts with HIV-1 Envelope polyprotein gp160 and protein Vpu. Interacts with Human Herpes virus 7 capsid proteins. Interacts with PTK2/FAK1; this interaction requires the presence of HIV-1 gp120.
Subcellular Location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=Localizes to lipid rafts. Removed from plasma membrane by HIV-1 Nef protein that increases clathrin-dependent endocytosis of this antigen to target it to lysosomal degradation. Cell surface expression is also down-modulated by HIV-1 Envelope polyprotein gp160 that interacts with, and sequesters CD4 in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Post-translational modifications: Palmitoylation and association with LCK contribute to the enrichment of CD4 in lipid rafts.
Sample:
Thymus (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug
Primary: Anti-CD4 (bs-23539R) at 1/1000 dilution
Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG at 1/20000 dilution
Predicted band size: 48 kD
Observed band size: 55 kD
Sample:
Thymus (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug
Spleen (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug
Lymph node (Mouse) Lysate at 40 ug
Primary: Anti- CD4 (bs-23539R) at 1/1000 dilution
Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG at 1/20000 dilution
Predicted band size: 48 kD
Observed band size: 55 kD